How well does 'conservative' describe Burke's political philosophy Essay

How well does 'traditionalist' depict Burke's political way of thinking - Essay Example In a short life story distributed in the Encyclopedia Britannica (2004) it is expressed that ‘British legislator, parliamentary speaker, and political scholar conspicuous in open life from 1765 to around 1795 and significant throughout the entire existence of political hypothesis; he advocated conservatism contrary to Jacobinism in Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790)’ (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2004) . Truth be told, the help of conservatism by Burke was clear. Nonetheless, as effectively expressed above it was on the grounds that such a view was not unmistakably communicated that Burke was not viewed as a supporter of conservatism. Towards the above course, it is seen by Parkin (1956, 1) that ‘it is regularly asserted that the impossible to miss virtuoso of Burke lay in his ability to examine the circle of governmental issues under the part of good law, to connect for the constant standards of ethical quality in the possibilities of political action†™. At the end of the day, Burke was effectively associated with legislative issues. Be that as it may, his investment was not immediate; he continued composition (and distributing) his perspectives attempting to impact the improvement of explicit political and social thoughts inside the British society. In different nations additionally his work impacted the philosophical idea; this impact was not reactant, for example his thoughts were not really received in their full substance; they were bound to be utilized for the defense of hypotheses and rules that alluded to ethical quality and political structure in that specific period. It is hence that Parkin sees: ‘yet the investigation of his political idea scarcely appears to have concurred the ethical inquiry the need which it merits; if, in Burkes supposition, the standards of genuine governmental issues are those of profound quality developed, the most significant inquiry to pose about Burke must be what definitely, for him, the standards of profound quality were’ (Parkin, 1956, 1). As per the above view, one of the primary shortcomings of Burke’s speculations has

A comparison of manned missions to space and robot missions essays

An examination of kept an eye on missions to space and robot missions expositions Since the Soviets put Sputnik into space, there have been numerous missions into space. Robots have done a few missions and individuals have done others. Robots don't have human judgment or the capacities important for tackling issues. Be that as it may, kept an eye on space missions are substantially more expensive than robot missions and they have more hazard. In space, there are loads of unpredicted factors and things that we don't hope to happen. Because of this, it is essential to have kept an eye on space missions. People are equipped for taking care of issues, though robots just comprehend what theyve been modified to do. Apollo thirteen would have been demolished in the event that it were a robot, yet since it had a human group ready, it endure. They had the option to take care of their issues since they were skilled. Additionally, in space, it is vital for on the spot judgment. People have the ability decide, yet robots can just do a restricted measure of undertakings. This is a huge con to sending robots into space. Then again, kept an eye on missions are substantially more costly than robots. A solitary trip of the space transport costs around $420 million dollars. Likewise, kept an eye on transports need spots to remain. The International Space Station has just expense $16 billion to assemble and the cost is relied upon to reach over $40 billion. The normal cost was $8 billion. Robots are a lot less expensive. The Mars Pathfinder cost just $265 million and it brought back bunches of valuable logical information. Robots are more efficient than kept an eye on space flights. Moreover, kept an eye on space missions have more serious hazard than robot missions. As on account of Apollo 1 and Apollo 13, mishaps happened on kept an eye on space missions. That puts people groups lives in peril just as space transports. On the off chance that a robot breakdowns or breaks some way or another, not as much is lost. At the point when space travelers are lost, new ones must be prepared and arranged for space flight. At the point when a robot is wrecked, another one can be made and any issues wi... <!

MeisterTip Adding Tasks to Your Mind Maps - Focus

MeisterTip Adding Tasks to Your Mind Maps - Focus One of the primary benefits of using mind maps in collaborative mode is to, quite literally, have everyone on the same page. And while this is a great way to get projects moving, if no one is taking ownership of these items, the map serves only as a data collection point, not a plan of action. Assigning tasks is the perfect solution for making your mind map a road to project success. To assign a task to a map collaborator, first select the topic  that you’d like to turn into a task. Once selected, you may then assign a priority to this task. If you or your collaborators want to keep track of task completion, you can also select this option from the dropdown. Be sure to  select a  date from the calendar interface to indicate a deadline for the task. Finally, in the ‘Assigned To’ field, you can start delegating who’s doing what. The names of your map collaborators will automatically be displayed in this list.  Simply select a name to assign the task. If the person you want to assign the task to isnt invited to the mind map, you can also enter their name manually. Advanced Options If you want to delve even further into assigning tasks, the Advanced link just below the due date  field is for you. In the Task Details  dialog  you can set start date, due date, and duration of a specific task. Naturally, Priority, Completion, and Assigned To options can also be edited here. In this dialog you’ll also be able to set email reminders for the task. If your global settings are set to receive task notification emails (recommended), but you want to customize when you’ll receive reminders, this is where you can change them. From the dropdown, you can select any number of days before the assigned due date, up to one week. By adding tasks to your collaborative brainstorming sessions with MindMeister, you’ll be taking that brainstorm and making an active plan of action out of it; one that all parties involved can follow and know what their exact part of the project is. If you need even more advanced task management capabilities, you can use MindMeisters integration with  MeisterTask. Take a look at the demo video below to see how MeisterTask turns your mind maps into agile project boards: This article was last updated 14th March 2017. Turn Mind Maps into Agile Project Boards Sign up for MeisterTask its free! Sign up for MeisterTask MeisterTip Adding Tasks to Your Mind Maps - Focus One of the primary benefits of using mind maps in collaborative mode is to, quite literally, have everyone on the same page. And while this is a great way to get projects moving, if no one is taking ownership of these items, the map serves only as a data collection point, not a plan of action. Assigning tasks is the perfect solution for making your mind map a road to project success. To assign a task to a map collaborator, first select the topic  that you’d like to turn into a task. Once selected, you may then assign a priority to this task. If you or your collaborators want to keep track of task completion, you can also select this option from the dropdown. Be sure to  select a  date from the calendar interface to indicate a deadline for the task. Finally, in the ‘Assigned To’ field, you can start delegating who’s doing what. The names of your map collaborators will automatically be displayed in this list.  Simply select a name to assign the task. If the person you want to assign the task to isnt invited to the mind map, you can also enter their name manually. Advanced Options If you want to delve even further into assigning tasks, the Advanced link just below the due date  field is for you. In the Task Details  dialog  you can set start date, due date, and duration of a specific task. Naturally, Priority, Completion, and Assigned To options can also be edited here. In this dialog you’ll also be able to set email reminders for the task. If your global settings are set to receive task notification emails (recommended), but you want to customize when you’ll receive reminders, this is where you can change them. From the dropdown, you can select any number of days before the assigned due date, up to one week. By adding tasks to your collaborative brainstorming sessions with MindMeister, you’ll be taking that brainstorm and making an active plan of action out of it; one that all parties involved can follow and know what their exact part of the project is. If you need even more advanced task management capabilities, you can use MindMeisters integration with  MeisterTask. Take a look at the demo video below to see how MeisterTask turns your mind maps into agile project boards: This article was last updated 14th March 2017. Turn Mind Maps into Agile Project Boards Sign up for MeisterTask its free! Sign up for MeisterTask

The Argument For The Elimination Of Television - 1935 Words

Approximately twenty five billion dollars is spent on advertising a year, a number far greater than the amount spent on education nationally. Why so much money? Jerry Mander in his book Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television, lays out the numerous problems that exist with television, a problem that cannot necessarily be improved. In essence, technology is not a tool that is neutral. Mander describes that in different institutions and technologies, such as advertising, mass production, militaries, the basic structure of particular technology or institution establishes its influence on the world, the types of individuals that will make use of it, and how people will use it. Television is a tool that established the kinds of effects it will have on peoples lives, how people will use it, and who will use it, and if such technology continues to be used, the kinds of effects and political forms that will result from it. Mander develops four arguments throughout his book. The firs t argument Mander describes is that television conditions people to accept another person’s authority. He begins by explaining that although television might be interesting and useful it packs people into a mental as well as a physical condition suitable for the appearance of autocratic control. Artificial environments, therefore, strip individuals of obtaining direct knowledge of nature. He follows his second argument by stating that technological advances are controlled by the â€Å"powers thatShow MoreRelatedMultiple Choice Questions Choose The Best664 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Multiple Choice Questions: Choose the best answer. 1. Arguments that try to prove their conclusions with rigorous, inescapable logic are __________. a. logically reliable b. inductive c. abductive d. deductive 2. An argument in which the conclusion is claimed to follow probably from the premises is __________. a. implicative b. inductive c. deductive d. none of the above 3. Which of the following is not a common induction indicator word or phrase? a. it logically follows that b. likely cRead More Televisions Manipulation of the Facts Essay1304 Words   |  6 Pagesparticipate in during their free time is watching the television. Since its invention over sixty years ago, the television has been a source of enjoyment and information for the American citizen (Pember, 1981). Though what one sees on the television is not what one should always believe. Many people look at television with the camera never lies attitude, and are easily manipulated by this medium. People are manipulated by television because most television programming is controlled by a small number ofRead More`` Not Here : If We re Truly Serious About Stopping Massacres Like1687 Words   |  7 Pagesto eliminate evil from society. Argument presented by the Metcalf seems right and accurate because incidents of mass killings are driven by the evil residing inside the human brain. Increasing popularity of violent video games, action movies and violent comics indicates that humans are getting attracted tow ards evil and adopt same behavior in their personal life (Metcalf). This paper presents a discussion in favor of argument presented by the Metcalf, elimination of addiction towards evil and howRead MoreAnalysis of the Electoral College1219 Words   |  5 Pagescenturies. For one, technology is much more advanced now than it was two hundred years ago. With the internet and television, we can now learn everything about a candidate regardless of where the come from in the nation. It is feasible to have direct election of a president because of these improved methods of communication and the evolution of technology in general. There are many arguments against the Electoral College. The most common attack on the system is that it enables a president to lose theRead MoreThe Effects Of Television Violence On Our Society1566 Words   |  7 Pagesviolence in the media and does it affect our society. How we view television, has changed the world, no doubt in that. Turn your television set on and pick a channel at random; the odds are that half of the programs you come across will contain violent material. The statistics are overwhelming as I look on the internet, read articles, and look at the research. One of the things that most interests me in the violence on television, is the effects it has on children. Children learn by repetition whileRead MoreAfghan Star : A Traditional Group Of People Who Haven t Changed Much1641 Words   |  7 PagesTaliban and how they ruled the television and radios until five years ago. While the Taliban was under control the airways and television stations were blacked out and it was illegal to have any electronics or musical items. This meant that there was no singing, no music, no dancing, and no TV. The director of Afghan Star was interviewed about the television show, and his view of the Islamic control over what can and cannot be aired. He said that he ran an illegal television shop during the Taliban ruleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Harrison Bergeron 983 Words   |  4 PagesIn this case the people were made equal by a government that interpreted â€Å"equality† in a very literal way. As a result, they lost their rights and freedoms. â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† takes place in 2081, when equality has finally been achieved by elimination of the highly gifted or by manipulating them through the use of technology. Such methods of control include mental handicap radios in ears which release unusual sounds to interrupt and control people’s thought, masks which conceal exceptionallyRead MoreKey Content Or Arguments Presented787 Words   |  4 PagesKey content or arguments presented: This article by Nick Atkin begins by illustrating the ‘rush’ that many reporters experienced as soon as the knowledge of Ben Johnson’s doping scandal was relayed to them. The franticness and rapid haste to compose and publish the first article on the matter just represents how influential and distinguished Ben Johnson was as an athlete. Despite the fact that drug taking is not ethical, nor admirable, a reporter by the name of Lawton recalls, â€Å"The race was stupendousRead MoreThe Invention of Television and Its Effects on Society1476 Words   |  6 Pages They go to work, come home and make dinner, and sit down and watch some television. For kids it would be to come home from school, and watch television. Television has become a major power in our culture. It is our way to watch the news, hear the weather forecast, and to sit down and relax watching our favorite show or movie. But is the television really that good for our society? In 1884 the first ideas of the television came to an inventor by the name of Paul Nipkow. It was called the scanningRead MoreThe Importance of Fighting in Hockey1444 Words   |  6 Pagesin much needed revenue for professional teams in way of television, attendance, and concessions. The NHL deeply needs to look at what effect removing fighting would cause in the long term. The argument for not banning fighting in hockey begins with fighting itself. The hue and cry of a decade ago calling for the abolition of fighting has all but died, but if the past two season are any indication, those who campaigned for the elimination of fistcuffs are closer to getting their way - at least numerically

Joyce Carol OatessWhere Are You Going, Where Have You Been

Mystical voices of unity and liberty filled the youths spirits in the 1960’s, sparking what may have been America’s â€Å"golden ages†. For baby boomers, however, the new generation was being poisoned by talks of rebellion and uprising. Joyce Carol Oates, the author of â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?†, begins by introducing Connie, a stereotypical 15 year-old in the 1960’s, who voices the arrogance of the youth. Connie’s passion for glancing at every reflective surface she passes by, her attempts to appear older, and her daydreams of romance devised by music indicates how she believes the world is all a fairytale and how Oates perceives the mindset of minorities. In the short story â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The 60’s legacies included the period of women rights, which was a whole new ideology for those in America because it stopped the suppression of womenâ₠¬â„¢s voices. Furthermore, Oates narrates, â€Å" She cried out, she cried for mother, she felt her breath start jerking back and forth in her lungs as if it were something Arnold Friend was stabbing her with again and again with no tenderness† (Oates, Page.9), inferring Arnold’s psychological torture of Connie is just as terrifying as the threat of physical harm as well as drastically inferring the control on women prior to the 1960’s. Connie loses the ability to speak for herself, to stand up for herself, making a connection to the days before women’s rights was implanted into society. This loss of speech is felt as an actual physical attack, a kind of death. In the end, the theme of the short story was to go in-depth with the violence portrayed in the society’s cultural shifts and into the betterment of society as changes such as women rights started becoming effective. Oates tackles the issue of danger within youth culture by taking advantage o f the character Arnold Friend, who is depicted as the devil and spiritual evil hovering over society. Arnold s mysterious and hazy nature symbolizes what the past generation envisioned, evil lingering within the revolutions taking place. For example, when Connie takes the time to analyze Arnold after having a conversation with him, â€Å"She recognizedShow MoreRelatedJoyce Carol OatessWhere Are You Going, Where Have You Been?1098 Words   |  5 PagesFiction Analysis Paper: Where are you going, where have you been? Joyce Carol Oates’s Where are you going, where have you been? is a post-modernist story. The primary theme is childhood versus adulthood. The story explores Connie’s, the main character’s, ambivalence about adulthood. The plot of the story builds the theme. Throughout the story, Connie believes that she is playing 2 personas. One that is child-like, and innocent, and another that is lascivious and â€Å"adult-like† to the extent that she

The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing Free Essays

The importance of mathematical skills is extremely evident in the field of manufacturing. In many cases, Jobs in manufacturing revolve around math and the skills that come along with It. Often the success of manufactured products depend on the correctness of several different fields of math that are used in the processes that take place in a plant. We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing or any similar topic only for you Order Now The financial success of a manufacturer can also often depend on mathematical skills. Between the quality of products and their production prices and all that goes along with creating a product, math is the center piece of manufacturing. In manufacturing, the quality of the products produced Is one aspect that really depends upon math. This is because measurements taken must be precisely taken or the product may be defective. Also calculations of quantities of something needing to be made have to be exact. This Is where the amount of profit made depends on mathematical skills, because if too much or to little of something is made It will hurt the profits made by that specific good. Because of this, whoever Is In charge of quantity in production must be good with taking in previous data and estimating hat’s needed. Often times skills with conversions are also required because of the diversity of measurements that could field, which is very common, one must have be knowledgeable with decimals, because often very small measurements are used along with the machines’ preciseness. Throughout the field of manufacturing, mathematical knowledge is an essential skill to have. It is crucial to be good with numbers and measurements if one wants to succeed in manufacturing. This comes into play throughout the field of manufacturing, because math is used so often in so many different instances for many different reasons during the process of The quality of the products produced rests on the correct measurements and calculations of what needs to cut or aligned or whatever the the case is. The prices of these products also often depends on math, because the right amount of goods have to be estimated or the price can be drastically affected, which can in turn have large affects on profits of the manufacturer. Truly, math skills will either make or break someone in the field of manufacturing, because it is so important to most Jobs in the field. How to cite The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing, Essays

The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing Free Essays

The importance of mathematical skills is extremely evident in the field of manufacturing. In many cases, Jobs in manufacturing revolve around math and the skills that come along with It. Often the success of manufactured products depend on the correctness of several different fields of math that are used in the processes that take place in a plant. We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing or any similar topic only for you Order Now The financial success of a manufacturer can also often depend on mathematical skills. Between the quality of products and their production prices and all that goes along with creating a product, math is the center piece of manufacturing. In manufacturing, the quality of the products produced Is one aspect that really depends upon math. This is because measurements taken must be precisely taken or the product may be defective. Also calculations of quantities of something needing to be made have to be exact. This Is where the amount of profit made depends on mathematical skills, because if too much or to little of something is made It will hurt the profits made by that specific good. Because of this, whoever Is In charge of quantity in production must be good with taking in previous data and estimating hat’s needed. Often times skills with conversions are also required because of the diversity of measurements that could field, which is very common, one must have be knowledgeable with decimals, because often very small measurements are used along with the machines’ preciseness. Throughout the field of manufacturing, mathematical knowledge is an essential skill to have. It is crucial to be good with numbers and measurements if one wants to succeed in manufacturing. This comes into play throughout the field of manufacturing, because math is used so often in so many different instances for many different reasons during the process of The quality of the products produced rests on the correct measurements and calculations of what needs to cut or aligned or whatever the the case is. The prices of these products also often depends on math, because the right amount of goods have to be estimated or the price can be drastically affected, which can in turn have large affects on profits of the manufacturer. Truly, math skills will either make or break someone in the field of manufacturing, because it is so important to most Jobs in the field. How to cite The Importance of Math Skills In Manufacturing, Essays

The power of imagination free essay sample

Imagination is the ability to form a mental image of something that is not perceived through the five senses. It is the ability of the mind to build mental scenes, objects or events that do not exist, are not present, or have happened in the past. Everyone possesses a certain of imagination ability. In some, it is highly developed, and in others, it manifests in a weaker form. Imagination manifests in various degrees in various people. Imagination makes it possible to experience a whole world inside the mind. It gives the ability to look at any situation from a different point of view, and to mentally explore the past and the future. This ability manifests in various forms, one of which is daydreaming. Though too much idle daydreaming may make one impractical, a certain degree daydreaming, while not being engaged in something that requires attention, provides temporary happiness, calmness and relief from stress. We will write a custom essay sample on The power of imagination or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In your imagination, you can travel anywhere in the speed of light, without any obstacles. It can make you feel free, though temporarily, and only in the mind, from tasks, difficulties and unpleasant circumstances. Imagination is not limited only to seeing pictures in the mind. It includes all the five senses and the feelings. One can imagine a sound, taste, smell, a physical sensation or a feeling or emotion. For some people it is easier to see mental pictures, others find it easier to imagine a feeling, and some are more comfortable imagining the sensation of one of the five senses. Training of the imagination gives the ability to combine all the senses. A developed and strong imagination does not make you a daydreamer and impractical. On the contrary, it strengthens your creative abilities, and is a great tool for recreating and remodeling your world and life. This is a great power that can change your whole life. It is used extensively in magick, creative visualization and affirmations. It is the creator of circumstances and events. When you know how to work with it, you can make your hearts desires come true. Imagination has a great role and value in each ones life. It is much more than just idle daydreaming. We all use it, whether consciously or unconsciously, in most of our daily affairs. We use our imagination whenever we plan a party, a trip, our work or a meeting. We use it when we describe an event, explain how to arrive to a certain street, write, tell a story or cook a cake. Imagination is a creative power that is necessary for inventing an instrument, designing a dress or a house, painting a picture or writing a book. The creative power of imagination has an important role in the achievement of success in any field. What we imagine with faith and feelings comes into being. It is the important ingredient of creative visualization, positive thinking and affirmations. Visualizing an object or a situation, and repeating often this mental image, attracts the object or situation we voisualize into our lives. This opens for us new, vast and fascinating opportunities. This means that we should think only in a positive manner about our desires, otherwise, we might attract into our lives events, situations and people that we dont really want. This is actually what most of us do, because we dont use the power of imagination correctly. If you do not recognize the importance of the power of the imagination, and let it run riot, your life may not be as happy and successful as you would have wanted it to be. Lack of understanding of the power of the imagination is responsible for the suffering, incompetence, difficulties, failures and unhappiness people experience. For some reason, most people are inclined to think in a negative way. They do not expect success. They expect the worst, and when they fail, they believe that fate is against them. This attitude can be changed, and then life will improve accordingly. Understanding, how to use your imagination correctly, and putting this knowledge into practice, for your own and others benefit, will put you on the golden path to success, satisfaction and happiness.

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American Developments 1860-77 essays

American Developments 1860-77 essays During the time period of 1860 1877, we fought to determine what position we would assume on many controversial issues. Black suffrage and the power of the national government against the power of the states were the two most prominent topics. The Constitution underwent crucial changes, reforms, and developments, yet Americas society, though affected by the Constitution, changed very little. God forbid these changes be called developments. South Carolina threatened secession because they were being denied many rights that were delegated to them by the Constitution. South Carolina and a better portion of the South felt that they had been denied their right to own slaves, because the federal government had left it up to the states to decide their position on slavery through popular sovereignty. Later, after the republicans had full control of Congress, they passed numerous bills freeing and benefiting the African-Americans. (Document A, American Pageant, Document D) With what seemed to be a follow up on former President Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation, Congress passed the 13th amendment accomplishing what Lincoln could not, freeing all the slaves. Still not satisfied, and yearning for equality the blacks called out for fair treatment and the 14th and 15th amendments were passed making African-Americans made primary citizens and granting them the right to vote. All the while encouraging the states to allow freedmen to vote. For a short time period Congress seemed like it was trying all that it could to promote black equality. (American Pageant, Document H) The Freedmens Bureau was formed to help the freedmen of the South find jobs and/or land to homestead. There were also many sympathizers that tried to help blacks utilize their newfound rights guiding them in gain offices, negotiating contracts, and voting. The scallywags and carpetbaggers within these groups promised to every freed sl...

Explain how the twenties were and were not so roaring Essay

Explain how the twenties were and were not so roaring - Essay Example s facilitated by influx of money in to the economies by soldiers from US and Canada who had just returned from War hence the production industry was forced to expand to meet the increased demand of goods. In 1921, President Harding signed the Emergency Tariff of 1921 which was aimed at reducing the tax rates, reducing the national debt and protecting the interests of the farmers. Overconfidence in the boom economy contributed to stock price speculation and excessive credit in the economy which led to the stock market crash and the Great Depression. The federal expenditure was increased in order to create new job opportunities and help the industries which were collapsing. The roaring twenties saw the development of transport system and other communication technology advancements (Kenney 115). There was development of electricity manufacturing power and by 1929 all the main industries relied on electricity. Steam power provided much of the energy needs at the onset of 1920s but this was overtaken by electricity power as the decade progressed. Mechanization of manufacturing industries progressed through the roaring twenties where new processes and methods of production were implemented. The roaring twenties also experienced mass production in the automobile industry and mass broadcasting medium invention like the radio and television. Sound recording was later invented hence businesses conducted mass advertisements through these new mediums (Kenney 116). Massive government expenditure was invested in railway construction, electrification and upgrading the highways in the hope that these new infrastructure was reap benefits in future. Most of the local governments were in huge debts. Urbanization increased in cities and demand of white collar jobs was high. Most of the States ratified Nineteenth Amendment which gave women the right to vote thus further sparking a series of women movements who demanded more rights for women and Blacks. The twenties also were marked

SLP 1 MGT - 491 STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Essay

SLP 1 MGT - 491 STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - Essay Example All the steps involved in formulating a strategic hiring process will be discussed in details. This analysis will be of importance in my future career as a Human Resource Manager either employed by an organization or being self-employed. The first step in the hiring process is identifying a vacancy and evaluating the needs of that vacant position. Vacant positions may be created due to growth demands of the organization, an employee quitting the job or the need for a specialized service. Once a vacant position is identified; the HR will require revisiting the organizational goals so that a proper evaluation of the kind of person required is done. Evaluation is guided by the current and future demands of the post and the overall long-term and short-term goals of the organization (Arthur, 2012). This assessment helps the HR manager to identify the competency required of the person to be hired. Important details such as tasks to be completed and employee’s work hours are also determined based on the post evaluation. Once the HR has identified the vacant position and has come up with the requirements for the position, the next step is the preparation of a post description. The description of a position determines the kind of people who will be attracted. A job description creates the first impression to a potential employee. A good position description should include the responsibilities of the employee, and this document can be used later to access the performance of the hired employee. Moreover, it guides the training and career improvement programs that the hired employee will undergo after hiring. The general information to be presented to the prospective interviews will include payroll title, salary and name of the department. Other special requirements such as a driving license and the BFOQ’s will depend on the kind of position in question. A description of the purpose of the position will include details such as specific roles, position duration

Importance Of Experts Opinions In Search For Knowledge Philosophy Essay

Importance Of Experts Opinions In Search For Knowledge Philosophy Essay Searching through newspapers, TV news or radio I can easily find the so called: opinions of  experts. Almost every article in The Economist, Guardian consists of at least two quotations of economists, sociologists or lawyers who are mainly professors of the world most famous Universities such as  Oxford, Cambridge, Harvard, Yell or workers of the specialised institutes. All these opinions may be useful in gaining knowledge yet would it  be  reasonable to uncritically accept them as  a  definite knowledge or call it my own knowledge? To answer the question of how important are the opinions of experts in the search of  knowledge I will carry out an in depth analysis of  three main aspects. First of all I  will try to examine who an  expert is and what conditions need to be completed in order to  call someone an authority in  a  specific field. Secondly, I will focus on the process of  transforming an  opinion into my  own knowledge. The last aspect will set down where do  experts gain their knowledge and what are the bases of their opinions. I believe that an  analysis of these three dimensions, extended by an examples of my everyday life and based on specific areas of  knowledge, will be,  to large extent, sufficient for answering whether experts and their opinions are able to  provide me  with an adequate evidence to accept it  as  a  reliable component of  my  knowledge. As I was thinking of how to define an expert I ended up realizing how complex the perception of experts is. I would say that there is no one, ideal definition. However as I think about it,  this is  a person who possess an in depth knowledge in a specific field and relying mostly on the empirical evidence makes researches developing his/hers own understanding of  a  specific phenomenon. My brief definition seems to find an  application in everyday life for example professors from Universities specify only in narrow fields and by probing particular factors, they form their own proven conclusions which are further presented in  magazines or books as  experts opinions. As  I  am most interested in  economics it seems most reasonable to evoke an  authority specialising in this area. Let me focus on Leszek Balcerowicz, who is considered an  expert in regulating the interference of  the government on  the market. First of all he  graduated from the economics faculty, performed in  the most respected national and European posts and was an author of the famous Balcerowicz Plan which transformed Polish economy what provided him with an  empirical evidence. To  my  mind he  possesses enough knowledge to form reliable conclusions of  what he  observes in  market. Yet we need to be aware that he  is  devoted to  a  specific economics school monetarism, therefore his opinions may be  to  some extent subordinate to  his personal beliefs or  biases. However whenever I see his opinion being expressed I know that it will for sure affect my understanding of a given case as  his authority based on experience, reasoning and although inevitably emotions and personal attitude are sufficient for me to call him an  authority whose opinion I base on when creating my own conclusions, point of view that I  call my own. It  may be claimed that I treat Balcerowicz as an expert just because I  am  sympathetic to his creed yet even people that have contradictory economical opinions do  accept his high appointments and take his opinion into consideration at least to confront their and Balcerowiczs ideas. Therefore an authority is not only a person that people agree with and share the same opinion but rather  someone who can  provide us with evidence of his claims. The process of transforming opinion into knowledge is also worth focusing. Studying in the IB programme I realized that experts opinions are only hints that help to interpret facts more widely. The most important thing for me was realising that even if  an expert does his/her best to be fair minded a bit of subjectivity is inevitable. Yet as I became aware of it the subjectivity turned out to have its positive effects. Historical experts seem to  thrive on the conflicts between their opinions about events in their search for knowledge and better understanding of  the past. The same event can attract vastly different opinions, for example the causes of the First World War. Marxist historians blame the development of capitalism whether as German historian, Geiss blames the failure of  diplomacy.  [1]  Hence being a critically thinking person the contradiction of experts opinions makes me understand the problem in  a  wider way, analyse of who I  trust more, whose evi dence is strongly supported and hammer out a compromise. Experts are not born specialists, they gain knowledge and due to  work and understanding of  specific processes they may start being perceived as authorities within the area of their interest. Yet my look concerns mainly history, natural sciences, human sciences but when it  comes to ethics the knowledge that books or expertises may provide becomes less usable. For example my mother is for me the expert of husband wife relations instead of  the fact that her knowledge is   based only on personal experience. Yet the evidence she can provide me with her successful relationship with my father is at that point sufficient for me. The evidence is in my opinion the most important thing while starting to believe in  something and gaining my own understanding of a given thing (note that in the presented essay I am not discussing religion beliefs). First of all the opinion needs to have rational grounds. This means that if my history teacher said that the First World War started as  a  consequence of the assassination of Grand Duke Constantine without giving any proof or  explanation I would probably doubt whether it  is reliable and true. However if he supported it with opinions of  other experts, primary sources (which may be for example some political documents) or  other evidence the thesis would became more reliable and therefore probably accepted by  me for further consideration of context. The last aspect of my concern is the origin of the need to rely on the opinions of experts. Looking for example at arts, what do I need experts opinions for? As it is the most subjective area of knowledge at first I almost saw no difference whether a painting was commented by  an expert or  a  non expert. The only difference that I considered worth pointing was the fact that experts may be more used to commenting on arts and therefore their language and ability to  express feelings may be clearer and more focused. However, as I thought about it more I realized that there is at least one more aspect. A good example is De Aardappeleters (The Potato Eaters) by Vincent van Gogh which I found to create different interpretations in  different context. When I showed the painting to my friends, almost all of them found it  ordinary and only one person out of ten recognized the author. However when I showed them the painting once more, but prefacing it with a history of masterpie ce and Van Goghs assumptions (therefore I was acting like an  expert) all of them changed their attitude towards the painting and started to see it with a wider perspective appreciating the atmosphere and bright idea. To my mind when it comes to history experts opinions are one of the most important aspects in  gaining knowledge for me. Even the primary sources, which seem to be most reliable and unspoiled source of knowledge, have to be interpreted as well. Therefore experts act like an interpreters. Due to their contrary opinions they create an  opportunity for me to see different attitudes to the same event. This not only extends my  perspective but also reminds me that looking at things from only one point of view is like not looking at them at all. To conclude in my opinion experts opinions are valuable in the search of knowledge. Authorities opinions may be sometimes misleading, lack evidence but as I take them into consideration while creating my own point of view I believe that it provides me with better analysis of the subject. Each opinion is somehow true therefore, whenever an expert or a  non expert expresses an opinion I think that it expends my perspective and hence makes me  think more specifically on the problem, analyse it and create my own conclusion.

Legionnaire`s disease

Since the identification of Legionella two decades ago, a significant amount of information has accumulated concerning the microbiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, control, and therapy of infections caused by these organisms. The number of species in the genus Legionella has increased dramatically. Legionella is considered to be responsible for 2–13% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization (Brieman and Butler, 1998). The various Legionella species can cause two distinct diseases: a severe form of pneumonia known as Legionnaire disease or a less serious, influenza-like illness known as Pontiac fever, which is generally recognized only during those outbreaks in which a cluster of cases of Legionella pneumonia sparks an epidemiologic investigation that uncovers these less serious infections. Microbiology The organism is a Gram-negative bacillus. There are currently 42 described species of Legionellae representing 64 serogroups in the family (Benson and Fields, 1998). Legionellaceae and the genus Legionella. The phenotypic characteristics of Legionellae are defined by growth requirements, and biochemical characteristics including fatty acid analysis and ubiquinone analysis, protein profiles, carbohydrate analysis, serology, monoclonal antibodies, and molecular techniques (DNA-DNA hybridization). L. pneumophila is a facultative intracellular pathogen that invades and replicates within free-living protozoa (i.e. amoeba) and mammalian cells (Benson and Fields, 1998). Within natural environments, L. pneumophila can persist as a free-living microbe, but it replicates exclusively as an intracellullar parasite within amoeba. L. pneumophila causes Legionnaire's disease by replication in alveolar macrophages and monocytes. During infection the Legionnaire's disease bacterium survives and multiplies within a specialized phagosome that is near neutral pH and does not fuse with host lysozymes. Studies show that the regulation of macrophage resistance versus susceptibility to infection is mediated by specific genetic mechanisms. The induction of cytokines by Legionella can activate immune cells, especially T helper cells. Activated macrophages restrict the growth of Legionella (Segal and Shuman, 1998) Epidemiology Cases can occur in clusters or sporadically from the community or in the hospital setting. The disease is much more common than previously appreciated with at least 13 000 cases estimated to occur per year in the United States (Brieman and Butler, 1998). There may also be local environmental factors that are important and still not well defined. Although immunosuppressed patients and specifically transplant patients seem to have a higher risk of developing Legionnaire's disease, there are many more non-immunosuppressed individuals in the community who may be infected with Legionella. nvestigations into community outbreaks still find cooling towers to be a source of the Legionella Clinical manifestation Luttichau et al(1998) investigated an outbreak of Pontiac fever in children and adults, caused by a contaminated whirlpool. The authors isolated L. pneumophila serogroup OLDA from one of the children and believe that this represents the first reported culture-confirmed case of Pontiac fever. The outbreak was characterized by a short incubation period, influenza-like symptoms, and rapid recoveries, all features typical of Pontiac fever. The median incubation period for the children was shorter (43 h) than for the adults (70 h). The median duration of the illness was 87 h for the children versus 61 h for the adults. The most common symptoms noted by the adults were fever, dizziness, headache, cough, fatigue, arthralgia and abdominal pain. Ear pain and rash were more common in children. Diagnosis The diagnosis of Legionnaire's disease remains troublesome in many hospitals. Serological studies are useful too late for the clinician and cultures must be incubated for at least 3 days. Legionella urinary antigen assays are useful early in clinical disease but the kits that are currently available only identify patients with disease caused by L. pneumophila serogroup 1. Recent improvements in the methodology for performing polymerase chain reaction on bronchoalveolar lavage solutions are encouraging (Chiba etal, 1998) Treatment Antimicrobial agents generally considered clinically effective for Legionella infections include macrolides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and rifampins. In a study several new antimicrobial agents with in-vitro activities against Legionellae that were found   better than those of erythromycin; included were a new rifampin-like drug, rifapentine, dalfopristin-quinupristin, and a new ketolide (HMR3647). The advantages of the quinolone agents include bactericidal activity against Legionella and a prolonged post-antibiotic effect whereas erythromycin is only inhibitory. In an additional study using HL-60 cells to evaluate new macrolides, Stout et al (1998)documented that the most active inhibitors of L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication were (in order of activity) azithromycin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, dirithromycin and clarithromycin. In a recent editorial, Edelstein (1998) suggested that azithromycin or one of the more active fluoroquinolones should be used in preference to erythromycin for the treatment of Legionnaire's disease in immunocompromised patients, based on their greater in-vitro activity as well as their better pharmacodynamic properties. In addition to producing a potentially better outcome, these agents will often improve patient compliance because of fewer side-effects and the shorter duration of therapy. Conclusion Infections caused by Legionella spp. are a significant cause of morbidity and occasionally mortality. The projected number of cases of infection caused by Legionella spp. are much greater than those reported to CDC's surveillance system, indicating both underdiagnosis and under-reporting. Hopefully, new information concerning the molecular biology and pathogenesis will provide a better understanding of infection caused by these organisms. Recent studies suggest that the newer macrolides and newer fluoroquinolones are the optimal agents for these organisms. References 1 Benson RF, Fields BS. Classification of the genus Legionella. Semin Respir Infect 1998; 13:90-99. A comprehensive update of the microbiology and tetonomy of Legionellae 2 Breiman RF, Butler JC. Legionnaire's disease: clinical, epidemiological, and public health perspectives. Semin Respir Infect 1998; 13:84-89 3 Segal G, Shuman HA. How is the intracellular fate of the Legionella pneumophila phagosome determined? Trends Microbiol 1998; 6:253-255. 4 Luttichau HR, Vinther C, Uldum SA, Moller J, Faber M, Jensen J. An outbreak of Pontiac fever among children following use of a whirlpool. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26:1374-1378. 5 Chiba Y, Okamoto H, Nagatomo A, Kunikare H, Watanabe . Legionnaire's disease diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage. Int Med 1998; 37:153-156. 6 Stout JE, Arnold B, Yu VL. Activity of azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, dirithromycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin and erythromycin against Legionella species by intracellular susceptibility testing in HL-60 cells. J Antimicrob Chemother 1998; 41:289-291 7 Edelstein PH. Antimicrobial chemotherapy for Legionnaire's disease: time for a change. Ann Intern Med 1998; 129:328-330.      

Canopic Stopper of King Tut

It is very useful for those, who study history, archeology or other related subject, to support their knowledge and understanding with some visual materials. In such cases, visiting some geographical territories of historical events, or archeological museum, or an exhibition of antique arts would be perfect help for better picturing of realistic details and environment of ancient times. The exhibition of the treasures of Egyptian King Tut, which were revealed during the discovery of his Tomb in the beginning of XX century, is a perfect example of visual support for those, who are interested in history and culture of Ancient Egypt. A lot of different statuettes, busts, vases, elements of decorations, etc. from those times were presented at the exhibition in Los Angeles County Museum of Arts. But I was especially fascinated with a little bust from the canopic chest of King Tut, made of delicately patterned transparent calcite. This elegant bust reproduces King Tut himself wearing the nemes head-dress. The creators of it used subtle black and red paints to underline facial details of good-looking Egyptian king: his big eyes, eyebrows and lips, demonstrating feminized nature of this person. Traditionally, the face of King Tut is presented with decorations of protective cobra and vulture, appearing from his head-dress. This small statuette is typical exemplar of Egyptian ancient art, which is characterized with features of early frontalism: every picture (in painting) or figure (in sculpture) was presented in rigid and formal posture. This bust was found in a shrine of King Tut, on a magnificent canopic chest made of alabaster and gorgeously decorated with golden staples. There were, actually, four of such busts, which were located in every corner of the chest and served as stoppers. These stoppers were sealing four compartments of the chest, in which four miniature anthropomorphic coffins, containing mummified inner organs of the king, were stored. King Tut (Tutankhamen) is one of the most known and recognizable pharaohs of Ancient Egypt. He was the Ruler of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egyptian Kings, who started his reign in the age of 9 and died at the age of 19. Certainly, he ruled under supervision and control of his adult advisers: in particular, his vizier and future successor Ay. The main social reconstruction, made by King Tut, is conversion of heretical Atenism, launched by his predecessor King Akhenaton, to previous traditional ancient Egyptian religion. Causes of his death still remain unknown, and there are some suggestions on this issue. Some specialists consider him to be murdered; the others consider his death to be accidental. After watching this sculpture of young pharaoh for some long period of time, first of all, I started paying more attention on its divine material. This transparent calcite is called Egyptian alabaster, which was, probably, enriched with some phosphoric materials. That is why the bust looks so lucid and shining, as if time did not touch it at all. I noticed that in this magic shining the representation of King Tut looked exceptionally graciously, and he seemed to me to be very calm and friendly as a person. The more I watched, the more I could realize, how different it is to see figures and statues in real dimensions, not as reproductions in the books. This way so many details, like features of the face, head position, profile line, vivid natural colors, and so on, can be better observed and considered. There is no printed picture, which can properly show the light, color, shape or delicacy of ancient artworks. So, if we want to receive some good idea about such treasures, we have to see them live. That is why such exhibitions are extremely popular and always crowded. There are many known representations and images of King Tut, which remained from ancient times. Recently the revolutionary event took place, when the team of Egyptian, American and French specialists managed to receive a new facial image of Tutankhamen. It was presented in three-dimensional CT scans of the Pharaoh's skull, but the only uncertainty was left, which is the tone of King Tut’s skin. Of course, such researches are priceless. But, to my mind, there is no better imagination of a historical personage, than the one, which can be received from observing original artworks and genuine historical materials. After visiting this exhibition, I have formed my own clear picture of this Egyptian legendary king in my mind, which, I suppose, is not very different from his real appearance and character. Bibliography: â€Å"Canopic Stopper of King Tut.† King Tut. King Tut Exhibition, Los Angeles County Museum of Arts. 8 Nov. 2005 ;http://www.kingtut.org/gallery/Gold_57.htm;. â€Å"Tutankhamen.† Wikipedia. The Free Encyclopedia Online. 6 Nov. 2005. 8 Nov. 2005 ;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Tut;. ;

Rape is Not Motivated by Sex Essay - 1413 Words

Rape is Not Motivated by Sex Introduction Rape is not a new phenomenon. The act of forcing someone to engage in sex against his or her will dates back many years. However, the motivation behind it has remained a controversy. Though it seems that rapists are after sex, the argument that violence is predominantly behind rape has, in recent times, become a widely held view. It is estimated that 371 out of 100,000 women will become the victims of rape each year. Incidences can reach as high as one-in-four when attempted rape and coercion are also considered. This number does not take into account rapes that go unreported. The underreporting of this crime is a result of a number of reasons that are related to the ways in which rape is†¦show more content†¦There are occurrences of rape by male animals that include insects, birds, fishes, etc#8230; This is evidence of the biological factor in the need for sex and consequently, rape. The most common type of rape is acquaintance rape. Acquaintance rape that i nvolves some degree of relationship accounts for between 80% and 90% of all rapes. Rapists whose motives lie in sex, will almost always turn to someone they know rather than rape a stranger. Also, in the rapists mind, the rape might be considered a seduction. This suggests that these sexual situations are the result of misunderstandings, rather than a mans intentional desire to hurt a woman. Here, the issue of gender-roles becomes relevant. For men to fulfill the role expected of them by society, they must be dominant, powerful, sexually aggressive, and able to gain sexual access to reluctant women. According to this theory, rape is seen as an extreme extension of traditional gender roles and male -- female sexual interaction, not as deviant or pathological behavior. So, rape is also an extension of the social expectations behind sex. 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